Monthly Archives: Mar 2026

The Letters of Seamus Heaney, progress report 2

Christopher Reid (editor), The Letters of Seamus Heaney (Faber & Faber 2023)
– pages 390-598

Over the month since my first progress report on reading Seamus Heaney’s collected letters, he has aged from 53 in 1992 to 64 in 2003. Among other things, he has translated Beowulf, written a couple of translations/versions of ancient Greek plays, won the Nobel Prize, had a number of friends die, become much in demand as a public person, travelled a lot including to Tasmania in 1994, and still managed to produce a number of books of poetry. Increasingly his personal letters (as opposed to ‘correspondence’) have been written in planes and airports. He uses a laptop and a fax machine but has stayed away from email for fear that he’d ‘be inundated entirely with queries from grad students and indeed grade schoolers doing their essays’. And always there’s a yearning for moments of solitude and recollection.

I’m enjoying hugely my morning read of seven or eight pages. Apart from anything else it’s a joy to pay attention to someone other than the Attention-Seeker-in-Chief at Mar-a-Lago. I can’t add much in general to what I said in my first progress report (at this link). Here are some snippets.

Heaney writes to his translators, clarifying meanings for them – and giving us fascinating insights into the poetry and the art of translation. Most recently in my reading is an explanation handwritten at the bottom of a fax from Jerzy Illg. Illg’s fax asks for an explanation of the phrase ‘the Bushmills killed’ in the poem ‘The Bookcase’. Heaney writes (page 593, probably 23 May 2003):

‘To kill the bottle’ means to finish off all the drink. So it’s late in the evening and the Bushmills bottle is empty … You know how it is –
Best – Seamus

I’m sure I didn’t know what the phrase meant when I read the poem. So thank you, Jerzy Illg.

There’s a lot of verbal playfulness in many of Heaney’s letters. He’ll slip in a phrase from Wordsworth or Hopkins or a contemporary poet, and Christopher Reid the editor will usually add a helpful explanation of the reference. One that that I loved, that Reid didn’t explain: Heaney and his wife Marie are heading off for a brief holiday, and he describes it as a period of ‘silence, exile and sunning’ – a reference to a much quoted phrase from James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, ‘silence, exile, and cunning’. I laughed out loud at Reid’s note at the end of a letter to fellow poet Derek Mahon in October 1997. Congratulating Mahon on a recently published book. The letter reads, in part:

I couldn’t place one [of your poems] above the other in my mind just now, just have this Baudelairean dusk-mood of gratitude. I see Milosz calls poetry a dividece from ourselves: high-yields, mon vieux.

After explaining the references, Reid writes: ‘Below the signature, in Mahon’s hand, on the actual letter in the Emory archive: “Pompous ass.”‘ Oh, I think, not everyone enjoys Heaney’s playfulness.

My pleasure in the third moment I’ll mention is less mean-spirited.

In January 2000 (page 519), in a letter to musician Liam O’Flynn, Heaney writes:

I’ve been fiddling with this Japanese form called the tanka – two lines longer than the haiku, and a development of it – consisting of five lines of five-seven-five-seven-seven syllables. It’s like a wee pastry cutter I nick into the ould dough inside the head, just to give it shape.

That is such a wonderful descritption of why I love the tight form of the Onegin stanza: it too is a ‘wee pastry cutter’ that can ‘nick into the ould dough inside the head, just to give it shape’.

I’m now reading letters Heaney wrote while working on books that I read soon after they were published, and evidently before I blogged about every book I read: Beowulf, Electric Light, District and Circle and Human Chain. I’m already sad that there are just 100 pages of the book, 10 years of letter-writing, and one month or reading to go.


I have written this blog post on the land of Gadigal and Wangal of the Eora nation, as the sun rises later and tiny lizards bask while they can. I acknowledge Elders past and present of those clans, and welcome any First Nations readers.

Evelyn Araluen’s Rot

Evelyn Araluen, The Rot (University of Queensland Press 2025)

This is a brilliant follow-up to Evelyn Araluen’s first book, Dropbear. It’s passionately raw, intellectually challenging, and full of rabbit-holes. Araluen says in her acknowledgements, ‘In most ways this is a book for girls.’ She goes on to say, ‘A girl is so many things. Everything, really.’ It’s pretty safe to say that I’m not a girl. But as an oldish man of settler heritage I was swept away.

Alison Croggon in the Guardian (at this link) called it ‘a hurricane of a book’ and says (among other things):

The Rot is an experiential plunge into the nightmare of the present moment, as seen through two centuries of colonisation on this continent. Dark though it is – as dark as our times – it is not hopeless. The book is dedicated to ‘my girls, and the world you will make’: Araluen looks to the ‘Long Future’, a term coined by the Unangax̂ scholar Professor Eve Tuck, for what can be imagined for those who survive colonisation – contingent and elusive as that future might be. At the core of this collection’s bitter truths beats a sublime tenderness.

[In case you need a footnote: Unangax̂ are the Indigenous people of the Aleutian islands. Some of the most powerful moments in Rot come when Araluen wrestles with the implications of Eve Tuck’s thinking. You don’t have to go down this tempting rabbit-hole to feel the full force of the poems.]

Araluen was recently interviewed by Sian Cain for the Guardian (at this link) when she won the 2026 Victorian Premier’s Literary Awards. Here’s a snippet:

She worked on The Rot ‘after work, after dinner, in the bath’ for months, though she now admits that such prolonged focus on such a traumatic subject was ‘irresponsible of me’.
‘I do not recommend drinking wine in the bath and listening to Mitski and crying and calling that a writing practice,’ she added.
The Rot reflects ‘a really panicked, distressed window of a time that I hope we all look back on with horror and despair and a real sense of regret,’ Araluen said.

[Mitski, another of the book’s many potential rabbit-holes, is a Japanese-American singer whose music has been described as a ‘wry running commentary on twentysomething angst, raw desire, and often unrequited love’ (link to Wikipedia article here).]

These quotes give an idea of the book’s tone and its scope, though there’s a lot that they don’t mention. For instance, the genocide in Gaza is a pervasive presence. I recommend that you read both the review and the article in full – and then I hope you’ll decide to read the book.

There’s so much to take in, so much to say, such complexity and intensity to untangle, so many rabbit-holes to be profitably explored. I’ll just offer a small note, keeping to my resolve to focus on one page.

Page 78* is the beginning of ‘What You Can Do with Your Hands’:

Before looking at the poem itself, it’s worth considering it in context. It’s title suggests that it is a direct response to an earlier poem. ‘You’ (page 25) ends:

no less human than yourself. Around us the
world sways, sometimes crumbles. It's not that
you think you can change this, but you need
something to do with your hands.

The hands motif turns up again in ‘Analysis Act Three’ (page 76), which launches itself with a quote from J H Prynne (from his 2022 lecture ‘Mental Ears and Poetic Work‘, another potential rabbit-hole).

Prynne: no poet has or can have clean hands, because 
clean hands are themselves a fundamental contradiction.
Clean hands do no worthwhile work.

Sections viii and ix have this: (Apologies, but my WordPress theme doesn’t allow me to include section numbers as they ought to appear.)

Every day I ask myself what the machine doesn't want 
me to know. Every tomorrow will be the day I find a
way to learn it. Every night I read poetry just to give
my hands something to do.

Refusal, resistance, disavowal and survivance are
tenors of a liveable life. In action they are compromised,
bloody-handed, in the world and of it.

The book is full of theory, grief and rage. But the motif of hands beings it down to earth: thinking and feeling are not enough. We need to work, to engage. Reading poetry can be work. So are ‘refusal, resistance, disavowal and survivance’.

‘What You Can Do with Your Hands’ responds in the form of an instructional poem in 15 sections’. Page 78 has just the first two instructions:

First, verify. Count the fingers, the sharpness of the 
lines, check for smudges or extra limbs. Is there a blur?
A hollow aura where the wrong light strikes? What
shadows loom from an open door? Wear eucalyptus
on your wrist, invoke that old verse. Don't swallow
the fruit. Don't make deals with their kind.

Temple, brows, slide index fingers down the nasal canal,
swipe thumbs under the eye. Push harder than you think you
should. Swallow. It will hurt until it won't.

A quick and dirty summary of these sections would be something like: first, pay attention to your actual hands, and second, use them to become aware of yourself as physically present.

But this is poetry. The words matter. And they introduce an element of the uncanny, something that disturbs the prose meaning. ‘Check for smudges,’ Ok. I can do that, and it is an injunction to self-reflection: smudges – of ink, dirt, foodstuff – will show what I’ve been doing. But ‘check for extra limbs’? The mind goes wandering, and who knows where? Then the questions about light and shade ask the reader to notice their actual context, recognise that they are in a place, in relationship to whatever creates a looming shadow. (In my case right now, the shadows on my hands are cast by light from an open window.)

‘Wear eucalyptus’: fair enough. But what is the old verse we are to invoke? I lay that aside as another of the book’s potential rabbit-holes. If you have an idea, please say in the comments.

‘Don’t swallow the fruit’: I read this as referring to the tale where a person taken to a fairy land must not eat anything if they want to avoid being trapped there forever. That and the final sentence, ‘Don’t make deals with their kind,’ are warnings to keep one’s own integrity against the tide of disinformation and distraction that we live in – ‘Don’t drink the kool aid.’ Already the poem has moved quite a way from literal hands.

The second section comes back to the literal. It insists that the reader notice they are a body: that they push hard to make contact with their own physical existence.

I won’t discuss the rest in detail – the remaining sections cover how to acknowledge place; how to repair; how to cook; how to throw soil into a grave. They cover self-defence, self-care, first-aid, violence, tenderness, and finally connection. Section by section, the instruction form opens up possibilities, creates small and large riddles, resonates. Even Section 12, the shortest, ‘Pick up your fucking litter,’ repays a moment’s attention: the tone shifts and the speaker of the poem becomes for a moment an irritable Auntie. But the comic irritation doesn’t detract from the importance of the advice. Section 14, the second shortest section, is, among other things, a gloss on Section 2: ‘Remove your grip from your own throat.’ It’s one thing to push hard with your thumbs under your eyes until it hurts; it’s a different thing altogether to do violence against yourself, to stifle your own voice. I love Section 15, but it’s against my religion to quote the final line of a poem.

Do read the book if you get a chance.


I wrote this blog post on the land of Gadigal and Wangal of the Eora Nation. I acknowledge Elders past and present, and welcome any First Nations readers.


My blogging practice is to focus on the page that coincides with my age, currently 78.

*** New Book: Thank Seven*** and other news

I’ve just published my seventh collection of verses from this blog: Thank Seven.

I’ve given copies to family and friends, and I can now announce the book’s existence without anyone spending good money on something they were going to get for free.

The book is available from Amazon, or at any number of bookshops. Readings has a warning that the book ‘may be self-published’ so buyer beware, a warning I endorse.

You can buy a copy from lulu.com or direct from me by clicking on this button::

Buy Now button

There’s information about all six books, plus my chapbook published by Gininderra Press, None of us Alone, on my Publications page.


In other news, I was interviewed by Emily Stewart for a piece she wrote for the Sydney Review of Books about Damien White, whose short stories she came across in a collection of Frank Moorhouse’s papers. Emily’s article, Cardboard Constructions, is a lovely dialogue between generations – Damien, a fine writer who died too early and Emily, also a fine writer some four decades younger. Damien has cropped up on this blog a number of times. Here’s a little verse he inspired a while back, first on my blog here, and included in my collection Take Five),

On waking from a dream of a friend
who has been dead for many years

You left a note and neatly folded
clothes beside the famous cliff;
left the life and loves you'd shouldered;
vanished. But you left a whiff
of disbelief, and time's a traitor:
someone found you decades later,
now not Damien but Bob,
in Tassie with a uni job.
No note this time, a rope your chosen
tool: your mother mourned you twice.
This time there was no artifice.
Yet last night to my dream, unfrozen,
fugitive from death you came,
with warnings not to say your name.

I have written this blog post on the land of Gadigal and Wangal of the Eora nation. I acknowledge Elders past and present of those clans, and welcome any First Nations readers.